Gastroenterology is a medical specialty that deals with the normal functions, disorders and diseases affecting the digestive system. Gastroenterologists are specially trained in all areas of the digestive system which includes the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver, bile ducts, and gallbladder. It involves a detailed understanding of the normal physiology of the gastrointestinal organs as well as common conditions such as polyps, hepatitis, ulcers, colitis, and pancreatitis.
Endocrinology is the study of hormones. Hormones influence or control a wide range of physiological activities such as growth, development, puberty, appetite, and bone growth. An endocrinologist is a specialist who treats diseases related to problems with hormones and the endocrine system including the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.
Reproductive medicine concerns the male and female reproductive systems. It encompasses a variety of reproductive conditions, their prevention and assessment, as well as their subsequent treatment and prognosis. Reproductive Endocrinologists are gynecologists who have had additional training in infertility and fertility treatment; they treat both male and female fertility issues.